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The oldest means of solace.  First stage: man sees in every feeling of indisposition and misfortune something for which he has to make someone else suffer  in doing so he becomes conscious of the power he still possesses and this consoles him. Second stage: man sees in every feeling of indisposition and misfortune a punishment, that is to say, an atonement for guilt and the means of getting free from the evil spell of a real or supposed injustice. When he realises this advantage which misfortune brings with it, he no longer believes he has to make someone else suffer for it  he renounces this kind of satisfaction because he now has another.